Female Infertility

Female Infertility is the inability of a woman in childbearing age to conceive a child with a regular sexual life.
Causes of female infertility can be:
    Obstruction or absence of uterine, or fallopian tubes, into which the egg gets after ovulation and in which it meets with spermatozoa. In the distal parts of the fallopian tubes, the sperm meet and merge with the egg, that is, fertilization takes place, as a result of which an embryo is formed. The embryo moves through the tube into the uterine cavity due to contractions of the muscular wall of the tube (peristalsis) and cilia (epithelium lining the tube from the inside), which "chase" the embryo into the uterus. Obstruction of the fallopian tubes, as a rule, is the result of the adhesion (adherence) process, to which the inflammation of the tubes (salpingitis) leads. Sometimes this is the result of a woman's sterilization (dressing or crossing the fallopian tubes). Absence of fallopian tubes is observed after surgical removal of the tube, for example, in connection with ectopic (tubal) pregnancy or a purulent process in it (pyosalpinx).
    Adhesive process in the small pelvis (peritoneal factor of infertility) is a consequence of operations, inflammatory process, endometriosis. Spikes can envelop the ovary or lie between the tube and the ovary, preventing the egg from entering the tube. When a combination of the tubal and peritoneal factor is spoken about tubal peritoneal infertility.
    Endocrine (hormonal) disorders can be a consequence of ovarian pathology (their exhaustion, polycystic ovary syndrome, etc.) and other endocrine (hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal, thyroid) and nonendocrine organs (liver, kidney, etc.). Endocrine infertility can be caused by metabolic disorders, mental stress, etc. Whatever endocrine infertility is caused, its key moment is always the failure of the ovulation mechanism (anovulation).
    Pathology or absence of the uterus - the organ in which embryo implantation takes place and fetal bearing. The pathology of the uterus can be congenital (intrauterine partition, bicornic uterus, doubling of the uterus, etc.) and acquired (removal or scars on the uterus after surgery, uterine myoma, endometritis, adenomyosis, polyposis, endometrial hyperplasia, etc.).
    Endometriosis, which is expressed in the proliferation of the endometrial mucosa beyond its limits. Between the foci of endometriosis there are spikes, which are the cause of tubal peritoneal infertility.
    Immunological infertility - is due to the presence in a woman of antibodies to spermatozoa (antisperm antibodies).
    Chromosomal pathology can lead to a woman's sterility.
    Psychological infertility is seen as the result of a woman's conscious or unconscious unwillingness to have a child. Sometimes this fear of pregnancy and childbirth, sometimes reluctance to have a child from a given man, sometimes resistance to changes in appearance, which can lead to pregnancy, and so on.

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